Here you can find differents posts about nuclear instrumentation & radioprotection .
The primary purpose of lead aprons is attenuation. Attenuation is the pro-active reduction in the intensity of an x-ray beam by placing a barrier in its path. The lead apron is the barrier. It provides the shielding required to protective radiosensitive body parts during medical procedures. This usually takes the form of a short frontal apron for frontal protection and a wrap around in case the personnel back will be exposed to the radiation...
Physicians who perform interventional procedures are most likely protecting most of their body with a lead apron, thyroid collar, and radiation glasses. However, their head is exposed to harmful radiation, which could be reduced with a lead cap. A series of articles have been published profiling physicians working in the catheterization laboratory who have had brain and neck tumors.1,2 The trials have shown that the brain’s left side was exposed to a higher radiation dose than the right side. Operator’s standard working position places their left side of the head closest to the scatter radiation coming from the patient. These findings suggest a possible relationship to occupational radiation exposure...
For many healthcare workers using x-ray radiation, particularly those doing diagnostic CT imaging, potential exposure is handled by retreating to a shielded control room during the time the x-ray source is energized. For some workers, however, removing themselves completely from the source of radiation is not possible. Examples are doctors, nurses, and technicians engaged in interventional radiology procedures. Occupational exposure is typically not the result of exposure to the primary x-rays administered to the patient, but scattered x-rays coming from the patient or other objects. X-rays can scatter multiple times and at different angles, so not being in the line of sight of the primary source does not eliminate exposure. Medical workers instead wear protective equipment, such as lead aprons, and neck collars to protect the thyroid. It is also important to consider using appropriate eyewear protection, such as Infab radiation glasses...
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